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TensorFlow VS Keras

Compare TensorFlow VS Keras and see what are their differences

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TensorFlow logo TensorFlow

TensorFlow is an open-source machine learning framework designed and published by Google. It tracks data flow graphs over time. Nodes in the data flow graphs represent machine learning algorithms. Read more about TensorFlow.

Keras logo Keras

Keras is a minimalist, modular neural networks library, written in Python and capable of running on top of either TensorFlow or Theano.
  • TensorFlow Landing page
    Landing page //
    2023-06-19
  • Keras Landing page
    Landing page //
    2023-10-16

TensorFlow features and specs

  • Comprehensive Ecosystem
    TensorFlow offers a complete ecosystem for end-to-end machine learning, covering everything from data preprocessing, model building, training, and deployment to production.
  • Community and Support
    TensorFlow boasts a large and active community, as well as extensive documentation and tutorials, making it easier for beginners to learn and experts to get help.
  • Flexibility
    TensorFlow supports a wide range of platforms such as CPUs, GPUs, TPUs, mobile devices, and embedded systems, providing flexibility depending on the user's needs.
  • Integrations
    TensorFlow integrates well with other Google products and services, including Google Cloud, facilitating seamless deployment and scaling.
  • Versatility
    TensorFlow can be used for a wide range of applications from simple neural networks to more complex projects, including deep learning and artificial intelligence research.

Possible disadvantages of TensorFlow

  • Complexity
    TensorFlow can be challenging to learn due to its complexity and the steep learning curve, particularly for beginners.
  • Performance Overhead
    Although TensorFlow is powerful, it can sometimes exhibit performance overhead compared to other, lighter frameworks, leading to longer training times.
  • Verbose Syntax
    The code in TensorFlow tends to be more verbose and less intuitive, which can make writing and debugging code more cumbersome relative to other frameworks like PyTorch.
  • Compatibility Issues
    Frequent updates and changes can lead to compatibility issues, requiring significant effort to keep libraries and dependencies up to date.
  • Mobile Deployment
    While TensorFlow supports mobile deployment, it is less optimized for mobile platforms compared to some other specialized frameworks, leading to potential performance drawbacks.

Keras features and specs

  • User-Friendly
    Keras provides a simple and intuitive interface, making it easy for beginners to start building and training models without needing extensive experience in deep learning.
  • Modularity
    Keras follows a modular design, allowing users to easily plug in different neural network components, such as layers, activation functions, and optimizers, to create complex models.
  • Pre-trained Models
    Keras includes a wide range of pre-trained models and offers easy integration with transfer learning techniques, reducing the time required to achieve good results on new tasks.
  • Integration with TensorFlow
    As part of TensorFlow’s ecosystem, Keras provides deep integration with TensorFlow functionalities, enabling users to leverage TensorFlow's powerful features and performance optimizations.
  • Extensive Documentation
    Keras has comprehensive and well-organized documentation, along with numerous tutorials and code examples, making it easier for developers to learn and use the framework.
  • Community Support
    Keras benefits from a large and active community, which provides support through forums, GitHub, and specialized user groups, facilitating the resolution of issues and sharing of best practices.

Possible disadvantages of Keras

  • Performance Limitations
    Due to its high-level abstraction, Keras may incur performance overheads, making it less suitable for scenarios requiring extremely fast execution and low-level optimizations.
  • Limited Low-Level Control
    The simplicity and abstraction of Keras can be a downside for advanced users who need fine-grained control over model components and custom operations, which may require them to resort to lower-level frameworks.
  • Scalability Issues
    In some complex applications and large-scale deployments, Keras might face scalability challenges, where more specialized or low-level frameworks could handle such tasks more efficiently.
  • Dependency on TensorFlow
    While the integration with TensorFlow is generally an advantage, it also means that the performance and features of Keras are closely tied to the development and updates of TensorFlow.
  • Lagging Behind Latest Research
    Keras, being a user-friendly high-level API, might not always incorporate the latest cutting-edge research advancements in deep learning as quickly as more research-oriented frameworks.

Analysis of Keras

Overall verdict

  • Keras is a solid choice for deep learning projects, offering simplicity and flexibility without sacrificing performance. It is well-suited for educational purposes, research, and even deploying models in production environments.

Why this product is good

  • Keras is widely regarded as a good deep learning library because it provides a user-friendly API that allows for easy and fast prototyping of neural networks. It is built on top of other libraries like TensorFlow, making it robust and efficient for both beginners and experienced developers. Its modularity, extensibility, and compatibility with other tools and libraries make it a popular choice for developing deep learning models.

Recommended for

  • Beginners who are new to deep learning
  • Researchers looking for an easy-to-use platform for prototyping models
  • Developers working on projects that require quick experimentation and development
  • Individuals and companies deploying models into production environments

TensorFlow videos

+ Add

What is Tensorflow? - Learn Tensorflow for Machine Learning and Neural Networks

More videos:

  • Tutorial - TensorFlow In 10 Minutes | TensorFlow Tutorial For Beginners | Deep Learning & TensorFlow | Edureka
  • Review - TensorFlow in 5 Minutes (tutorial)

Keras videos

+ Add

3. Deep Learning Tutorial (Tensorflow2.0, Keras & Python) - Movie Review Classification

More videos:

  • Review - Movie Review Classifier in Keras | Deep Learning | Binary Classifier
  • Review - EKOR KERAS!! Review and Bike Check DARTMOOR HORNET 2018 // MTB Indonesia

Category Popularity

0-100% (relative to TensorFlow and Keras)

TensorFlow

Keras

Data Science And Machine Learning
62 62%
Data Science And Machine Learning
38% 38
AI
100 100%
AI
0% 0
Data Science Tools
53 53%
Data Science Tools
47% 47
Machine Learning
72 72%
Machine Learning
28% 28

User comments

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Reviews

These are some of the external sources and on-site user reviews we've used to compare TensorFlow and Keras

TensorFlow Reviews

7 Best Computer Vision Development Libraries in 2024
From the widespread adoption of OpenCV with its extensive algorithmic support to TensorFlow's role in machine learning-driven applications, these libraries play a vital role in real-world applications such as object detection, facial recognition, and image segmentation.
Source: www.labellerr.com
10 Python Libraries for Computer Vision
TensorFlow and Keras are widely used libraries for machine learning, but they also offer excellent support for computer vision tasks. TensorFlow provides pre-trained models like Inception and ResNet for image classification, while Keras simplifies the process of building, training, and evaluating deep learning models.
Source: clouddevs.com
25 Python Frameworks to Master
Keras is a high-level deep-learning framework capable of running on top of TensorFlow, Theano, and CNTK. It was developed by François Chollet in 2015 and is designed to provide a simple and user-friendly interface for building and training deep learning models.
Source: kinsta.com
Top 8 Alternatives to OpenCV for Computer Vision and Image Processing
TensorFlow is an open-source software library for dataflow and differentiable programming across a range of tasks such as machine learning, computer vision, and natural language processing. It provides excellent support for deep learning models and is widely used in several industries. TensorFlow offers several pre-trained models for image classification, object detection,...
Source: www.uubyte.com
PyTorch vs TensorFlow in 2022
There are a couple of notable exceptions to this rule, the most notable being that those in Reinforcement Learning should consider using TensorFlow. TensorFlow has a native Agents library for Reinforcement Learning, and Deepmind’s Acme framework is implemented in TensorFlow. OpenAI’s Baselines model repository is also implemented in TensorFlow, although OpenAI’s Gym can be...
Source: www.assemblyai.com

Keras Reviews

10 Python Libraries for Computer Vision
TensorFlow and Keras are widely used libraries for machine learning, but they also offer excellent support for computer vision tasks. TensorFlow provides pre-trained models like Inception and ResNet for image classification, while Keras simplifies the process of building, training, and evaluating deep learning models.
Source: clouddevs.com
25 Python Frameworks to Master
Keras is a high-level deep-learning framework capable of running on top of TensorFlow, Theano, and CNTK. It was developed by François Chollet in 2015 and is designed to provide a simple and user-friendly interface for building and training deep learning models.
Source: kinsta.com
15 data science tools to consider using in 2021
Keras is a programming interface that enables data scientists to more easily access and use the TensorFlow machine learning platform. It's an open source deep learning API and framework written in Python that runs on top of TensorFlow and is now integrated into that platform. Keras previously supported multiple back ends but was tied exclusively to TensorFlow starting with...
Source: searchbusinessanalytics.techtarget.com

Social recommendations and mentions

Based on our record, Keras should be more popular than TensorFlow. It has been mentiond 35 times since March 2021. We are tracking product recommendations and mentions on various public social media platforms and blogs. They can help you identify which product is more popular and what people think of it.

TensorFlow mentions (7)

  • Creating Image Frames from Videos for Deep Learning Models
    Converting the images to a tensor: Deep learning models work with tensors, so the images should be converted to tensors. This can be done using the to_tensor function from the PyTorch library or convert_to_tensor from the Tensorflow library. - Source: dev.to / over 2 years ago
  • Need help with a Tensorflow function
    So I went to tensorflow.org to find some function that can generate a CSR representation of a matrix, and I found this function https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/raw_ops/DenseToCSRSparseMatrix. Source: almost 3 years ago
  • Help: Slow performance with windows 10 compared to Ubuntu 20.04 with TF2.7
    Can anyone offer up an explanation for why there is a performance difference, and if possible, what could be done to fix it. I'm using the installation guidelines found on tensorflow.org and installing tf2.7 through pip using an anaconda3 env. Source: about 3 years ago
  • [Question] What are the best tutorials and resources for implementing NLP techniques on TensorFlow?
    I don't have much experience with TensorFlow, but I'd recommend starting with TensorFlow.org. Source: about 3 years ago
  • [Question] What are the best tutorials and resources for implementing NLP techniques on TensorFlow?
    I have looked at this TensorFlow website and TensorFlow.org and some of the examples are written by others, and it seems that I am stuck in RNNs. What is the best way to install TensorFlow, to follow the documentation and learn the methods in RNNs in Python? Is there a good tutorial/resource? Source: about 3 years ago
View more

Keras mentions (35)

  • Top Programming Languages for AI Development in 2025
    The unchallenged leader in AI development is still Python. And Keras, and robust community support. - Source: dev.to / about 1 month ago
  • Top 8 OpenSource Tools for AI Startups
    If you need simplicity, Keras is a great high-level API built on top of TensorFlow. It lets you quickly prototype neural networks without worrying about low-level implementations. Keras is perfect for getting those first models up and running—an essential part of the startup hustle. - Source: dev.to / 8 months ago
  • Top 5 Production-Ready Open Source AI Libraries for Engineering Teams
    At its heart is TensorFlow Core, which provides low-level APIs for building custom models and performing computations using tensors (multi-dimensional arrays). It has a high-level API, Keras, which simplifies the process of building machine learning models. It also has a large community, where you can share ideas, contribute, and get help if you are stuck. - Source: dev.to / 8 months ago
  • Using Google Magika to build an AI-powered file type detector
    The core model architecture for Magika was implemented using Keras, a popular open source deep learning framework that enables Google researchers to experiment quickly with new models. - Source: dev.to / about 1 year ago
  • My Favorite DevTools to Build AI/ML Applications!
    As a beginner, I was looking for something simple and flexible for developing deep learning models and that is when I found Keras. Many AI/ML professionals appreciate Keras for its simplicity and efficiency in prototyping and developing deep learning models, making it a preferred choice, especially for beginners and for projects requiring rapid development. - Source: dev.to / about 1 year ago
View more

What are some alternatives?

When comparing TensorFlow and Keras, you can also consider the following products

PyTorch - Open source deep learning platform that provides a seamless path from research prototyping to...

Scikit-learn - scikit-learn (formerly scikits.learn) is an open source machine learning library for the Python programming language.

IBM Watson Studio - Learn more about Watson Studio. Increase productivity by giving your team a single environment to work with the best of open source and IBM software, to build and deploy an AI solution.

TFlearn - TFlearn is a modular and transparent deep learning library built on top of Tensorflow.

Azure Machine Learning Service - Build and deploy machine learning models in a simplified way with Azure Machine Learning service. Make machine learning more accessible with automated capabilities.

OpenCV - OpenCV is the world's biggest computer vision library

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